Characteristic curve of Centrifugal pump

System Curve and pump curve:

A pump curve is the path that a pump has to operate on. In graph form, it tells us the performance of a pump flow rate versus the head. The curve is designed by the manufacturer and is based on the horsepower, the diameter of the impeller and the shape of its volute (the wet end of the pump that contains the impeller). No matter what the conditions of a system, the pump has to operate somewhere on this curve. When a piping system is made up primarily of vertical lift and very little pipe friction, the pump characteristic should be steep and when a piping system is made up primarily of friction head and very little of vertical lift, the pump characteristic should be near horizontal.

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Characteristic curve of Centrifugal pump